The National Emergency Commission (CNE) has issued a Green Alert for portions of the country's Pacific region due to an expected decrease in rainfall during the upcoming rainy season.

Costa Rica has a tropical and subtropical climate with two distinct seasons. The dry season, commonly referred to as summer, typically runs from December through May, while the rainy season extends from June through November and generally coincides with the Atlantic hurricane season.

According to experts, weather conditions during the second half of the year, from June through December, are expected to be influenced by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a global climate pattern driven by changes in winds and sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific Ocean. The phenomenon is forecast to reduce rainfall by 25% to 50% in some areas.

Because of the anticipated decline in rainfall and the increased risk of drought along the Pacific Coast, the CNE issued its first-level Green Alert for Guanacaste Province, the central and northern regions of Puntarenas Province, and the western portions of San José and Alajuela provinces.

Under a Green Alert, local emergency committees are instructed to closely monitor conditions due to an elevated risk of drought and other weather-related emergencies.

No alert has been issued for the rest of the country, where the rainy season is expected to develop under normal conditions.

Experts noted that despite the expected reduction in rainfall, precipitation associated with tropical waves may still occur throughout the rainy season.

Periods of high temperatures and below-average rainfall can increase the risk of heat-related illnesses, dehydration and environmental hazards.

Authorities are advising residents to stay well hydrated and not wait until they feel thirsty before drinking water.

The warning also highlights the potential impact on agriculture. Drought conditions may significantly reduce crop yields, cause forage losses and contribute to soil degradation, particularly in the northern Pacific coastal region.

The CNE is the government agency responsible for coordinating with communities and emergency responders to strengthen the nation's preparedness, response and recovery efforts related to natural hazards.

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